Biology Regents Practice Exam

Which hypothesis could be tested regarding the wing color of butterflies?

1. Caterpillars kept in the dark will have brighter wings

2. Caterpillars exposed to bright light will show more blue and green in wings

3. Ten caterpillars will be divided between light and darkness

4. Results will show no difference in wing color

The correct answer is: Caterpillars exposed to bright light will show more blue and green in wings

The hypothesis that caterpillars exposed to bright light will show more blue and green in their wings is valid because it makes a clear, testable prediction regarding the influence of environmental conditions on the physical characteristics of butterflies. This hypothesis suggests a specific relationship between the amount of light exposure and the expression of color in the butterflies' wings, which can be empirically tested by observing and measuring the color changes in butterflies that develop from caterpillars subjected to different light conditions. This approach follows scientific methodology, where one can control variables (like light exposure) and collect data (observing wing colors) to see if the predicted outcome occurs. In contrast, the other options either lack specificity regarding the relationship being tested, involve a setup that does not directly lead to measurable outcomes, or suggest an expectation that does not lend itself to a hypothesis-testing framework, making them less suitable for rigorous scientific inquiry.