Biology Regents Practice Exam

How has the burning of fossil fuels primarily harmed the environment?

1. Decreased acid rain

2. Added carbon dioxide to the atmosphere

3. Increased biodiversity

4. Depleted the ozone shield

The correct answer is: Added carbon dioxide to the atmosphere

Burning fossil fuels primarily harms the environment by adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. This process contributes significantly to the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming and climate change. Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere, resulting in rising temperatures, changing weather patterns, and various ecological impacts. The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels also affects ocean chemistry, leading to phenomena such as ocean acidification, which can harm marine life. The increase in carbon dioxide from fossil fuel combustion disrupts the natural balance of gases in the atmosphere, exacerbating environmental issues like extreme weather events, melting ice caps, and rising sea levels. This underscores the importance of transitioning to renewable energy sources to mitigate these harmful effects.